The most common cause of cervical cancer is infection with the human papillomavirus. Before cancer develops in the cervix, cervical cells begin to develop abnormally -- a process known as dysplasia. These abnormal cells can be detected by a test called a Pap smear.
The U.S. National Cancer Institute lists these risk factors for developing cervical cancer: Not having regular Pap smears. Abnormal Pap results. Having sex at a young age. Having many sexual partners. Giving birth to many children. Smoking. Taking oral contraceptives. Having a weakened immune system.
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